摘要研究了表面活性剂十八胺对硝酸胺的改性防吸湿的影响规律。以吸湿率、包覆层质量为考察指标，探索了反应时间、十八胺用量和溶剂极性对硝酸胺的改性防吸湿的影响。结果表明，经十八胺改性的硝酸铵有吸湿性降幅，十八胺用量为0.2g、反应时间为5h、溶剂为氯仿时效果最好，在相对湿度为69%（30℃ 饱和SrCl溶液），吸湿24h，吸湿性降幅达为17.8%。FTIR表明，十八胺在硝酸铵表面有明显的吸附。上述获得的关于硝酸铵的包覆工艺，可为提高硝酸铵颗粒的防吸湿效果的下一步研究提供良好的基础。21401
关键词： 硝酸铵 吸湿性 十八胺 改性 吸附
毕业论文设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title The Exploration of Modified Ammonium Nitrate on Anti-hygroscopic with Multi-phase Deposition Process
Abstract
The function of octadecylamine on the surface modification and anti-moisture of ammonium nitrate (AN) was studied in this article. It was explored that the effect of the reaction time、 octadecylamine、 solvent polarity on modification and anti-moisture of ammonium nitrate were researched, using moisture absorption rate and the quality of the coating layer as indexes. The research conclusions showed that the ammonium nitrate modified by octadecylamine decreased its hygroscopic, and when 0.2g of octadecylamine、 5h reaction time、solvent of chloroform were used ,there was declined by 17.8% in relative humidity of 69% (30℃ SrCl saturated solution) in 24 h. FTIR showed that the octadecylamine was adsorbed on the surface of ammonium nitrate. A foundation was provided for further improvement research about anti-moisture of ammonium nitrate by the coating process of ammonium nitrate above-mentioned.
Keywords: ammonium nitrate hygroscopic octadecyaminel modification adsorption
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 硝酸铵的性质 1
1.2.1 硝酸铵的吸湿性 1
1.2.2 硝酸铵的结块性 2
1.2.3 硝酸铵的多晶性 2
1.2.4 硝酸铵的氧化性 2
1.2.5 硝酸铵的爆炸性 3
1.3 硝铵盐表面防吸湿改性研究的历史和现状 3
1.3.1 加入相稳定剂改性 3
1.3.2 添加有机疏水物 4
1.3.3 高分子材料包覆法 5
1.3.4 硝酸铵膨化改性法 6
2 实验部分 8
2.1 实验药品 8
2.2 实验仪器 8
2.3 实验原理 8
2.3.1 相似相溶原理 9
2.3.2 表面吸附 10
2.3.3 原位聚合 11
2.3.4 沉淀聚合 11
2.4 实验设计 12
2.4.1 方案设计 12
2.5 实验步骤 14
2.5.1 溶剂和表面活性剂的选择 14
2.5.2 实验基本操作 15
2.5.3 吸湿率测量 16
2.5.4 工艺研究 16
2.6 表征 21
2.6 问题讨论 22
2.6.1 测量表面活性剂吸附质量方法 22
2.6.2 反应过程中的恒温与降温过程 24
结 论 26
展 望 27 基于硝铵盐表面防吸湿改性的多相沉积工艺探索 :http://www.751com.cn/huaxue/lunwen_13587.html